GREENCYCLES Biogeochemistry and Climate Change Research and Training Network

Project Position: Co-ordinator, supervision of Raquel (ESRI), Helena (ESRXIII) and Sönke (ERI)

Friend, A.D., Still, C.J., and Geider, R.J. In prep. Photosynthesis in global-scale models. In: Photosynthesis in silico: Understanding complexity from molecules to ecosystems. Laisk, A., Nedbal, L., and Govindjee (Eds). Spinger Series "Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration". Springer (Dordrecht, The Netherlands).

Demarty, J., Chevallier, F., Friend, A.D., Viovy, N., Piao, S., and Ciais, P. 2007. Assimilation of global MODIS leaf area index retrievals within a terrestrial biosphere model. Geophysical Research Letters 34, L15402, doi:10.1029/2007GL030014. astract

Friend, A.D., Arneth, A., Kiang, N.Y., Lomas, M., Ogée, J., Rödenbeck, C., Running, S.W., Santaren, D., Sitch, S., Viovy, N., Woodward, F.I., and Zaehle, S. 2007. Fluxnet and modelling the global carbon cycle. Global Change Biology 13, 610-633, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01223.x. article

Hansen, J., Sato, Mki., Ruedy, R., Kharecha, P., Lacis, A., Miller, R.L., Nazarenko, K., Lo, K., Schmidt, G.A., Russell, G., Aleinov, I., Bauer, S., Baum, E., Cairns, B., Canuto, V., Chandler, M., Cheng, Y., Cohen, A., Del Genio, A., Faluvegi, G., Fleming, E., Friend, A., and 25 co-authors. 2007. Climate simulations for 1880-2003 with GISS modelE. Climate Dynamics 29, 661-696. doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0255-8. astract

Schmidt, G. A., Ruedy, R., Hansen, J. E., Aleinov, I., Bell, N., Bauer, M., Bauer, S., Cairns, B., Cheng, Y., DelGenio, A., Faluvegi, G., Friend, A.D., Hall, T. M., Hu, Y., Kelley, M., Kiang, N., Koch, D., Lacis, A. A., Lerner, J., Lo, K. K., Miller, R. L., Nazarenko, L., Oinas, V., Perlwitz, J., Perlwitz, J., Rind, D., Romanou, A., Russell, G. L., Sato, M., Shindell, D. T., Stone, P. H., Sun, S., Tausnev, N., Thresher, D., Yao, M.- S., 2006. Present day atmospheric simulations using GISS ModelE: Comparison to in-situ, satellite and reanalysis data. Journal of Climate 19, 153-192, doi:10.1175/JCLI3612.1. article

Lathière, J., Hauglustaine, D.A., Friend, A.D., De Noblet-Ducoudré, N., Viovy, N., Folberth, G. 2005. Impact of climate variability and land use change on global biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, 10613-10656. article

Ciais, P., Reichstein, M, Viovy, N., Granier, A., Ogée, J., Allard, V., Aubinet, M., Buchmann, N., Bernhofer, Chr., Carrara, A., Chevallier, F., De Noblet, N., Friend, A.D., Friedlinstein, P., Grünwald, T., Heinesch, B., Keronen, P., Knohl, A., Krinner, G., Loustau, D., Manca, G., Metteucci, G., Migletta, F., Ourcival, J.M., Papale, D., Pilegaard, K., Rambal, S., Seufert, G., Soussana, J.F., Sanz, M.J., Schulze, E.D, Vesala, T., and Valentini, R. European-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by heat and drought in 2003. Nature 437, 529-533. doi: 10.1038/nature03972. article

Hansen, J., Sato, Mki., Ruedy, R., Nazarenko, L., Lacis, A., Schmidt, G.A., Russell, G., Aleinov, A., Bauer, M., Bauer, S., Bell, N., Cairns, B., Canuto, V., Chandler, M., Cheng, Y., Del Genio, T., Faluvegi, G., Fleming, E., Friend, A., Hall, T., Jackman, C., Kelley, M., Kiang, N., Koch, D. Lean, J., Lerner, J., Lo, K., Menon, S., Miller, R., Minnis, P., Novakov, T., Oinas, V., Perlwitz, Ja., Perlwitz, Ju., Rind, D., Romanou, D., Shindell, D., Stone, P., Sun, S., Tausnev, N., Thresher, D., Wielicki, B., Wong, T., Yao, M., and Zhang. S. 2005. Efficacy of Climate Forcings. Journal of Geophysical Research 110, D18104, doi: 1029/2005JD005776. article

Friend, A.D. and Kiang, N.Y. 2005 Land-surface model development for the GISS GCM: Effects of improved canopy physiology on simulated climate. Journal of Climate 18, 2833-2902, doi:10.1175/JCLI3425.1. article

Levy, P.E., Friend, A.D., White, A., and Cannell, M.G.R. 2004. The influence of land use change on global-scale fluxes of carbon from terrestrial ecosystems. Climatic Change 67(2-3), 185-209, doi:10.1007/s10584-004-2849-z. article

Levy, P.E., Cannell, M.G.R., and Friend, A.D. 2004. Modelling the impact of future changes in climate, CO2 concentration and land use on natural ecosystems and the terrestrial carbon sink. Global Environmental Change 14(1), 21-30.

Ciais, P., Friedlingstein, P., Friend, A., and Schimel, D.S. 2001. Integrating global models of terrestrial primary productivity. In: Terrestrial Global Productivity. Roy, J. et al. (Eds). Academic Press, San Diego. pp. 449-478.

Cramer, W., Bondeau, A., Woodward, F.I., Prentice, I.C., Betts, R.A., Brovkin, V., Cox, P.M., Fisher, V., Foley, J., Friend, A.D., Kucharik, C., Lomas, M.R., Ramankutty, N., Sitch, S., Smith, B., White, A., and Young-Molling, C. 2001. Global response of terrestrial ecosystem structure and function to CO2 and climate change: results from six dynamic global vegetation models. Global Change Biology 7, 357-373, doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00383.x. abstract

Friend, A.D. 2001. Modelling canopy CO2 fluxes: are ‘big-leaf’ simplifications justified? Global Ecology and Biogeography 10, 603-619.

Wullschleger, S.D., Jackson, R.B., Currie, W.S., Friend, A.D., Luo, Y., Mouillot, F., Pan, Y., Shao, G. 2001. Below-ground processes in gap models for simulating forest response to global change. Climatic Change 51, 449-473.

Friend, A.D. and White, A. 2000. Evaluation and analysis of a dynamic terrestrial ecosystem model under preindustrial conditions at the global scale. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 14, 1173-1190. abstract

Murray, M.B., Smith, R.I., Friend, A., and Jarvis, P.G. 2000. Effect of elevated [CO2] and varying nutrient application rates on physiology and biomass accumulation of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis). Tree Physiology 20(7), 421-434. abstract

White, A., Cannell, M.G.R., and Friend, A.D. 2000a. CO2 stabilization, climate change and the terrestrial carbon sink. Global Change Biology 6, 817-833, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00358.x. abstract

White, A., Cannell, M.G.R., and Friend, A.D. 2000b. The high-latitude terrestrial carbon sink: a model analysis. Global Change Biology 6, 227-245, doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00302.x. abstract

White, A., Cannell, M.G.R., and Friend, A.D. 1999. Climate change impacts on ecosystems and the terrestrial carbon sink: a new assessment. Global Environmental Change 9, S21-S30.

Cannell, M.G.R., Thornley, J.H.M., Mobbs, D.C., Friend, A.D. 1998. UK conifer forests may be growing faster in response to increased N deposition, atmospheric CO2 and temperature. Forestry 71, 277-296.

Friend, A.D. 1998. Biochemical modelling of leaf photosynthesis. In: European forests and global change: the likely impact of rising CO2 and temperature. P. G. Jarvis (Ed). Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. pp. 335-346.

Friend, A.D. 1998. Parameterisation of a global daily weather generator for terrestrial ecosystem and biogeochemical modelling. Ecological Modelling 109, 121-140.

Friend, A., Kellomäki, S., and Kruijt, B. 1998. Modelling leaf, tree and forest responses to increasing CO2 and temperature. In: European forests and global change: the likely impacts of rising CO2 and temperature. P. G. Jarvis (Ed). Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. pp. 293-334.

Mobbs, D.C., Cannell, M.G.R., Crout, N.M.J., Lawson, G.J., Friend, A.D., and Arah, J. 1998. Complementarity of light and water use in tropical agroforests. I. Theoretical model outline, performance and sensitivity. Forest Ecology and Management, 102, 259-274.

Friend, A.D., Stevens, A. K., Knox, R. G., and Cannell, M. G. R. 1997. A process-based, terrestrial biosphere model of ecosystem dynamics (Hybrid v3.0). Ecological Modelling 95, 249-287.

White, A., Friend, A.D., and Cannell, M.G.R. 1997. The impact of climate change on natural vegetation. In: Climate Change and its Impacts: a Global Perspective. UK Department of the Environment, Transport and Regions, UK Met. Office, Bracknell, 16pp.

Kramer, K., Friend, A.D. and Leinonen, I. 1996. Modelling comparison to evaluate the importance of phenology and spring frost damage for the effects of climate change on growth of mixed temperate zone deciduous forests. Climate Research, 7, 31-41.

Melillo, J.M., et al., (inc. Friend, A.D.) 1996. Terrestrial biotic responses to environmental change and feedbacks to climate. In: Climate change 1995: the science of climate change. J.T. Houghton, L.G. Meira Filho, B.A. Callander, N. Harris, A. Kattenberg, and K. Maskell (Eds). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 445 481.

Ryan, M.G., Hunt, E.R., McMurtrie, R.E., Ågren, G.I., Aber, J.D., Friend, A.D., Rastetter, E.B., Pulliam, W.M., Raison, R.J., and Linder, S. 1996a. Comparing models of ecosystem function for coniferous forests. I. Model description and validation. In: Global Change: Effects on Coniferous Forests and Grasslands. SCOPE 56. J.M. Melillo, G.I. Ågren, and A. Breymeyer (Eds). John Wiley and Sons, New York. pp. 313-362.

Ryan, M.G., McMurtrie, R.E., Hunt, E.R., Friend, A.D., Pulliam, W.M., Ågren, G.I., Aber, J.D., and Rastetter, E.B. 1996b. Comparing models of ecosystem function for coniferous forests. II. Simulations of the effect of climate change. In: Global Change: Effects on Coniferous Forests and Grasslands. SCOPE 56. J.M. Melillo, G.I. Ågren, and A. Breymeyer (Eds). John Wiley and Sons, New York. pp. 363-387.

Friend, A.D. 1995. PGEN - an integrated model of leaf photosynthesis, transpiration, and conductance. Ecological Modelling 77, 233-255.

Friend, A.D. and Cox, P.M. 1995. Modelling the effects of atmospheric CO2 on vegetation-atmosphere interactions. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 73, 285-295.

Murray, M.B., Friend, A.D., and Leith, I.D. 1994. Effects of elevated CO2 on Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr). March 1994. In: Carbon sequestration by vegetation in the UK. UK Department of the Environment. 23 pp.

Murray, M.B., Smith, R.I., Leith, I.D., Fowler, D., Lee, H.S.J., Friend, A.D., and Jarvis, P. 1994. Effects of elevated CO2, nutrition and climatic warming on bud phonology in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr) and its impact on frost tolerance. Tree Physiology 14, 691-706.

Friend, A.D. 1993. Final report on modelling in the EPOC-13 Project. In: An investigation of the impact of elevated CO2 on the responses of European forests. Commission of the European Communities.

Friend, A.D. 1993. The prediction and physiological significance of tree height. In: Vegetation Dynamics and Global Change. A.M. Solomon and H.H. Shugart (Eds). New York: Chapman and Hall. pp. 101-115.

Friend, A.D., Murray, M.B., and Leith, I.D. 1993. Effects of elevated CO2 on the growth, phenology, and physiology of Picea sitchensis. In: Carbon sequestration by vegetation in the UK. UK Department of the Environment.

Friend, A.D., Shugart, H.H., and Running, S.W. 1993. A physiology-based gap model of forest dynamics. Ecology 74, 792-797.

Friend, A.D., Cox, P. and Dewar, R.C. 1992. Modelling the fluxes of water and carbon from plant canopies. In: Proceedings of the Scientific Conference on Biospheric Aspects of the Hydrological Cycle, Toulouse.

Friend, A.D., Murray, M.B., and Leith, I.D. 1992. Effects of elevated CO2 on the growth, phenology, and physiology of Picea sitchensis. In: Carbon sequestration by vegetation in the UK. Department of the Environment.

Friend, A.D. 1991. Use of a model of photosynthesis and leaf microenvironment to predict optimal stomatal conductance and leaf nitrogen partitioning. Plant, Cell and Environment 14, 895-905.

Friend, A.D. and Woodward, F.I. 1990. Evolutionary and ecophysiological responses of mountain plants to the growing season environment. Advances in Ecological Research 20, 59-124.

Friend, A.D., Woodward, F.I. and Switsur, V.R. 1989. Field measurements of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, leaf nitrogen and d13C along altitudinal gradients in Scotland. Functional Ecology 3, 117-122.

Woodward, F.I. and Friend, A.D. 1988. Controlled environment studies on the temperature responses of leaf extension in species of Poa with diverse altitudinal ranges. Journal of Experimental Botany 39, 411-420. abstract